MANUAL TRANSMISSION OF VEHICLE

MANUAL TRANSMISSION OF VEHICLE 

Manual Transmission or simply a gearbox has 

been serving automobiles well for many decades 

even today it's the most popular form of

transmission in this blog we'll give you a conceptual

introduction to the workings of an actual manual

 transmission with a reverse gear.

The basic question in is why transmission is required in an

automobile the power generated by the engine flows

through the transmission before it reaches the drive wheels         

the basic function of the transmission

is to control the speed and torque             

available to the drive wheels for

different driving conditions.

(TORQUE) X (SPEED) => POWER 

for example:, if you want to climb a hill

you need more torque by reducing the              

speed at the transmission we will be

able to achieve higher torque for the          

same power input.

(TORQUE)(high) X (SPEED)(reduced) => POWER (same)

Conversely, if the torque 

demand is low we can increase the transmission

 speed now let's look at its inner workings         

manual transmissions work on the simple

the principle of gear ratio

a basic transmission mechanism is          

that the input and output shafts are

connected through a countershaft

a three-speed mechanism will look like

it is clear that just by sliding the

gears we can achieve different transmission ratios          

this transmission is more specifically

called a sliding mesh transmission.

They are good for controlling the speed

but they have an inherent disadvantage

it's quite tricky to slide from one gear

and engage with another gear.


CONSTANT MESH TRANSMISSION

  

                    

The constant mesh transmission

permanently solve this problem

here the gears are always in mesh, but

with a major difference here is that the output

gears are loosely connected to the shaft

if we connect only one gear to the shaft

at a time the shaft will have the speed of the

connected gear with the help of a

hypothetical connector different gear

ratios are illustrated here.

It is interesting to note that in fourth

gear the input and output shafts are         

directly connected.

The art of locking loosely held the gear to

the shaft effectively and smoothly lies

at the heart of the manual transmission 

let's see how this is done in actual

practice.

First of all the main shaft have a

synchronizer teeth arrangement.

Hub is fixed to the shaft

a sleeve that is free to slide     

the hub is also used in this system             

it is clear that if the sleeve gets cut              

with the teeth of the synchronizer cone

the gear and shaft will turn together or             

the desired locking action will be

achieved.

       

but during the gearbox operation the

shaft and gear will be rotating at

different speeds               

so such a locking action is not an easy

task a synchronizer rain helps to match the

speed of the gear with that of the shaft               

the synchronizer ring is capable of

rotating along with the hub but is free             

to slight actually         

before moving the sleeve the clutch

the pedal is pressed this way

power flow to the gear is discontinued. 

when we move the sleeve the sleeve will

press the synchronizer ring against the                

cone due to the high frictional force between

the synchronizer ring and cone the speed            

of the gear will become the same as the

shaft at this time the sleeve can be slated

further and it will get locked with the                 

gear.

Thus the gear gets locked with the shaft

in an efficient and smooth way, the same

mechanism is employed to shift
to other gears such as first gear second gear    

third gear and fourth gear.

You can also see the gear lever changing

mechanism a fifth gear is used to turn the output

shaft at a higher speed than the input shaft.

Now let's see how the reverse gear works

the reverse gear uses a gear arrangement as shown

out of those ones is the idle gear 

when the idle gear is pushed and

connected to the other two gears the  

output shaft will turn in the reverse

direction.

please note here that the reverse gear does not have a 
synchronizer ring mechanism this means that the 

gearbox rotation has to stop completely before applying the

reverse gear

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Thank you